Figure 5

Sequential processes to harvest an IL-PV. (A) First, the IL-PVS was visualized by HGNs; (B) the LV and IL-PV were cut proximally to the LLN. Notice curling of the IL-PV inside the LV; (C) the distal end of the IL-PV was detached from the LV using a pair of acupuncture needles (not shown) through the LV wall; (D) the proximal end of the IL-PV was manipulated towards the outside of the cut LV vessel with the acupuncture needles, and a pair of microforceps was used to gently pull the IL-PV out of the LV. HGN = hollow gold nanospheres; IL-PV = intralymphatic primo vessel; IL-PVS = intralymphatic primo vascular system; LLN = lumbar lymphatic nodes; LV = lymphatic vessels.